Centerless polishing and grinding tool machines are specialized machine tools used in metalworking applications. Unlike conventional polishing and grinding tool machines, centerless machines have no centering or guiding device for the workpiece, but work by the principle of rotation. A centerless grinding machine consists of a grinding wheel that rotates about a horizontal axis to form a grinding surface. The workpiece is positioned between the grinding wheel and a guide wheel that stabilizes the workpiece and guides it through the machine. As the grinding wheel grinds the workpiece, it is also simultaneously polished. Centerless polishing machines are similar in design to centerless grinders, but the grinding wheel is replaced by a polishing wheel. The polishing wheel has a special surface finish and can be equipped with different polishing pastes and pads to achieve different polishing effects. Centerless polishing and grinding tool machines are particularly useful when machining long, cylindrical parts such as axles, shafts or bars, as they do not require a centering device and can provide higher precision and surface finish than conventional machines. However, this type of machine requires experienced operators and careful setup to ensure the workpiece is stabilized and fed evenly through the machine to ensure consistent machining and surface finish.